2013년 10월 20일 일요일

[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 2] 다문화적 한국어 교수 역량 강화를 위한 KSL 담당 교원 연수 프로그램 실행 및 효과 분석


다문화적 한국어 교수 역량 강화를 위한 KSL 담당 교원 연수 프로그램 실행 및 효과 분석 / 원진숙, 이세연
A study on the effect of the application of the KSL Teacher Training Program for improving multicultural KSL teacher competence / Jin-Sook Won, Se-Yeon Lee

한국교육, 제40권 제 2호, pp.5-29 / Journal of Korean Education, 40(2), 5-29
Received 3 June 2013: Revised 11 July 2013: Accepted 18 July 2103


초록
 본 연구는 ‘다문화적 한국어 교수 역량 강화를 위한 KSL 담당 교원 연수’ 프로그램을 적용하고 그 결과를 분석하여 현장 교사 를 대상으로 한 KSL교원 연수 프로그램의 교육적 효과를 실증적으로 확인하는 데 목적이 있다. ‘한국어(KSL) 교원 연수’는 교 과부의 정책연구 일환으로 지난 2013년 1월 2주간 전국의 초・중・고 교원 80명을 대상으로 시행되었다. 이 연수는 공립학교 교 원을 대상으로 한 ‘한국어(KSL) 교원 연수’로는 최초로 시행된 연수라는 점에서 의미를 가진다. 또한, 본 프로그램의 효과성 을 실증적으로 확인함으로써 향후 KSL 교육의 안정적 실행을 담보하는 현장 교사 재교육 프로그램의 현실적 가능성을 진단했다는 점에 서 의미를 지닌다.
 프로그램의 효과성을 분석하기 위해 연구자가 개발한 설문지를 토대로 연수 프로그램의 실시 전후에 사 전 검사와 사후 검사를 각각 시행하였다. 자료 분석 결과, ‘한국어(KSL) 교원 연수’는 연수 대상자인 교원의 ‘다문화적 한국 어 교수 역량’의 요소인 다문화적 인식과 신념, 한국어 교수 지식, 한국어 교수 기능, 교수 효능감 영역 각 하위 목록에 모두 유 의미한 향상을 보였다. 이를 통해 60시간 KSL 담당 교원 집중 연수 프로그램을 통해서도 현장 교원에게 ‘다문화적 한국어 교 수 역량’의 자질을 함양시킬 수 있음을 실증적으로 확인하였다.

키워드
한국어(KSL) 교육, 다문화적 한국어 교수 역량, KSL 담당 교원 연수 프로그램, 다문화 배경 학생


ABSTRACT
 The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the KSL (Korean as a Second Language) Teacher Training Program implemented to improve multicultural KSL teacher competence. This two-week program was carried out for 80 elementary, middle, and high school teachers at Seoul National University of Education in January of 2013 by the Ministry of Education and Science Technology as a part of policy research. The significance of the KSL Teacher Training Program is that it was the first program launched for public school teachers. This study is significant in that it tried to gauge this program's effectiveness and diagnose the viability of teacher retraining programs, which would ensure KSL's successful implementation in the future.
 Accordingly, the effectiveness of the KSL Teacher Training Program was analyzed through the questionnaire developed by the authors before and after the programs. As a result, the study proved that the KSL Teacher Training Program had significant effects on all four subcategories of multicultural KSL teacher competence: a) awareness of and belief in multicultural education, b) knowledge in the field of Korean language education, c) teaching skills in Korean, and d) the multicultural efficacy of teachers. Through empirical research, this study shed new light on the 60 hours intensive KSL teacher training program as an effective tool for boosting the multicultural competence of KSL teachers in the field.

KEYWORDS
KSL education, multicultural KSL teacher competence, KSL teacher training program, multicultural-background students


[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 2] 학생이 지각한 교사 성취압력이 고등학생의 학업성취에 미치는 종단적 효과: 사회경제적 배경과의 상호작용을 중심으로


 학생이 지각한 교사 성취압력이 고등학생의 학업성취에 미치는 종단적 효과: 사회경제적 배경과의 상호작용을 중심으로 / 백병부 
Longitudinal effects of high school students’ perceived academic press from teachers on academic achievement: focusing on the interaction with socio-economic status / Byoung-Bu Baek

한국교육, 제40권 제 2호, pp.31-55 / Journal of Korean Education, 40(2), 31-55
Received 3 June 2013: Revised 15 July 2013: Accepted 19 July 2013


초록
 본 연구는 서울교육종단연구 자료를 활용하여 학생이 지각한 성취압력이 학업성취의 제고 및 사회경제적 배경에 따른 교육격차 해소에 어 떠한 영향을 끼치는지를 분석한 것이다. 주요 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, SES는 고등학생들의 학업성취에 독립적인 영향력 을 행사하고 있었다. 구체적으로 SES는 이전 학업성취 수준을 비롯한 여타의 변수들이 통제된 상태에서도 국어, 영어, 수학 과목 의 초기 학업성취도를 향상시키고 있었다. 한편 SES는 국어, 영어, 수학 과목의 학업성취 증가율에 부적인 영향력을 행사하고 있었 는데, 그 영향력의 정도가 SES에 따른 초기 학업성취도에서의 격차를 만회할 수 있는 정도는 아니었다. 이러한 결과는 가정배경 은 고등학생들의 학업성취 격차를 야기하는 주요 원인 중의 하나임을 입증해 주는 것이다. 둘째, 학생이 지각한 성취압력은 학업성 취 수준을 제고하는 데 일정 정도의 도움을 주고 있었지만, SES에 따른 교육격차를 감소시키는 데는 한계가 있었다. 구체적으로 성 취압력에 대한 인식은 SES를 비롯한 여타의 변수들이 통제된 상태에서 영어, 수학 과목의 초기 학업성취 수준을 향상시키고 있었 다. 그러나 SES와 성취압력과의 상호작용항을 추가로 투입해 본 결과 성취압력에 대한 인식은 국어, 영어, 수학 모두에서 최하 의 SES를 가진 학생에 비해 중상 이상의 SES를 가진 학생의 학업성취 초기값을 유의미하게 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러 한 결과는 성취압력을 내면화시키는 것만으로는 가정배경에 따른 학업성취 격차를 감소시키는 데 한계가 있다는 것을 시사하는 것이다.

키워드
성취압력, 학업성취, 종단분석, 교육격차


ABSTRACT
 This study uses SELS (Seoul Educational Longitudinal Study) to analyze the longitudinal effects of students' perceived academic press on academic achievement and the educational gap of high school students. The major findings are: First, socio-economic status (SES) has independent effects on the academic achievement of high school students. Specifically, SES increases the initial academic achievement when other variables are controlled. However, SES has negative effects on the achievement slopes of Korean, Math and English, and the effects are such that it is not possible to make up for the achievement gaps in early academic achievement from SES. Second, while academic press plays an important role in academic achievement, there are limitations to how much the educational gap created by SES may be decreased. Specifically, academic press is helpful in raising early academic achievement when other variable are controlled. However, the interaction between SES and academic press increases the academic achievement of higher- and middle-SES students more than that of lower-SES students. These results show that perceived academic press has certain limitations in terms of decreasing the educational gap.

KEYWORDS
academic press, academic achievement, longitudinal study, educational gap




[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 2] 입학사정관 전형 신입생과 타 전형 신입생의 특성 비교 연구 -입학사정관 전형 종합평가의 타당성 분석


입학사정관 전형 신입생과 타 전형 신입생의 특성 비교 연구 -입학사정관 전형 종합평가의 타당성 분석- /김병진,  김시라
A study on characteristics of students selected by admissions officers: a test of the validity of the admissions officer system as a holistic evaluation / Byoung Jin Kim, CyLa Kim

한국교육, 제40권 제 2호, pp.57-78 / Journal of Korean Education, 40(2), 57-78
Received 3 June 2013: Revised 17 July 2013: Accepted 22 July 2013


초록
 본 연구에서는 입학사정관 전형의 전형 방법인 ‘종합평가’의 취지에 부합하는 제도 운영이 이뤄지고 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 전형유형에 따른 신입생 특성(고교교육 참여도 및 만족도, 인성, 진로결정 자기효능감)을 비교 분석하였다.
 본 연 구의 분석 대상은 2011학년도부터 2013학년도까지 서울 4개교, 지방 3개교에 입학한 총 1,590명이었으며, 전형 유형별로 는 ‘입학사정관전형’ 673명, ‘수시 일반전형’ 504명, ‘정시 일반전형’ 413명이었다.
 분석결과 입학사정관 전형 으로 입학한 신입생이 수시 일반전형 및 정시 일반전형으로 입학한 신입생에 비해 고교교육 참여도 및 만족도, 인성, 진로결정 자기효 능감이 높았다. 특히 고교교육 참여도의 하위영역인 ‘비교과 활동 참여도’, 고교교육 만족도의 모든 하위영역 ‘인간관계 만족 도’, ‘교육과정 운영 만족도’, ‘학교생활 만족도’, ‘수업만족도’, 인성검사의 하위영역 ‘활동성’, ‘안정성’, ‘지배 성’, ‘사회성’, ‘자율성’, 진로결정 자기효능감 하위영역인 ‘목표선택’, ‘문제해결’, ‘미래계획’ 등에서 유의한 차이를 보였 다.
 연구 결과 입학사정관 전형의 전형 방법인 ‘종합평가’가 본래의 취지에 부합하게 이뤄지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다.

키워드
대입제도, 입학사정관제, 고교교육 참여도, 고교교육 만족도, 인성, 진로결정 자기효능감


ABSTRACT
 This study aims to confirm the validity of holistic evaluation, a new admissions system for higher education institutions. This study sampled 1,590 freshmen from four universities in Seoul and three provincial universities from 2011 to 2013. The analytical subjects of this study, the students, were organized into three categories based on the admission criteria by which they were chosen: holistic evaluation (673), selection for high school GPA (504), and selection for national academic aptitude test scores (413).
 The major findings of the study are as follows:
 1) Students selected through the holistic evaluation system are more active in class and more satisfied with school life than students selected according to other admission criteria.
 2) Students selected through the holistic evaluation system are stronger in terms of character than students selected according to other admission criteria.
 3) Students selected through the holistic evaluation system have a greater sense of self-efficacy when it comes to deciding on their career paths than other students.

KEYWORDS
college admissions systems, admissions officers, school participation, school satisfaction, character, career decision-making self-efficacy




[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 2] 고등교육의 학제간 교육 프로그램 활성화 방안: 해외 사례를 중심으로


 고등교육의 학제간 교육 프로그램 활성화 방안: 해외 사례를 중심으로 김위정, 이성회
Promoting interdisciplinary educational programs in higher education: a case study of prestigious universities overseas / Wuijeong Kim, Sunghoe Lee

한국교육, 제40권 제 2호, pp.79-102 / Journal of Korean Education, 40(2), 79-102
Received 24 May 2013 : Revised 16 July 2013 : Accepted 17 July 2013


초록
 본 연구는 QS 랭킹 30위권 대학들을 중심으로 학제간 교육 프로그램의 사례들을 살펴보고 유형을 구분하였으며 학제간 교육 프로그램 을 육성하기 위한 대학차원의 전략들을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 학제간 교육 프로그램 제공 주체의 형태에 따라서, ⅰ) 독립적인 조 직 구조 없이 기존 학과가 연계하여 학제간 전공 프로그램을 제공하는 학과간 프로그램, ⅱ) 학과는 아니지만, 센터 등 독립적인 조 직 구조를 가진 조직이 학제간 프로그램을 제공하는 경우, ⅲ) 융합전공으로 새로운 학과를 신설하여 교육 프로그램을 제공하는 경 우, 이렇게 세 가지로 유형으로 구분 가능하였다. 학제간 교육 프로그램을 육성하기 위한 대학차원의 전략들은 첫째, 조직 구조 개편 으로, 학제간 센터나 기관을 설립하는 것이 가장 빈번하게 나타났다. 둘째, 채용과 평가, 보상 시스템 등 학제간 교육에 종사하 는 교원들을 지원하기 위한 제도적 개선을 단행했다. 셋째, 안정적인 재정 지원 구조를 확보하는 것도 중요한데, 많은 대학들은 대 학 본부로부터 종자돈과 같은 초기의 지원을 받고, 이후에는 외부 기금을 확보하는 전략들을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 학교 의 비전과 미션에 부합하는 주제를 선택하여 이와 관련한 학과 및 연구소를 발전시키는 것도 효과적인 전략으로 나타났다.

키워드
학제간 교육, 융합전공, 학제간 조직, 교원 인사 제도


ABSTRACT
 This study investigated interdisciplinary educational programs in the top 30 universities according to the QS World University Rankings® in 2012. Firstly, the programs were categorized by type and then the universities’ strategies for promoting interdisciplinary education were analyzed. As results, three types of interdisciplinary educational programs were identified, primarily based on the main agent that offers the courses: 1) interdisciplinary educational programs through inter-departmental collaboration, 2) interdisciplinary programs offered by independent organizations (i.e., research centers), and 3) a newly-established interdisciplinary department. Four strategies were used to promote interdisciplinary education in higher educational institutions. First, the pattern of reorganization of institutional structure was the most common strategy. Second, institutional support included employment, evaluation, and a reward system for faculty members working for the interdisciplinary programs. Third, initial efforts were made to secure financial resources from the university headquarters, and later efforts focused on external funding bodies. Fourth, interdisciplinary departments and/or research centers were developed in accordance with a university’s specific vision and mission.

KEYWORDS
interdisciplinary education, interdisciplinary major, interdisciplinary organization, faculty evaluation




[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 1] 조선전기 방방(放榜)의 교육정책적 의의


조선전기 방방(放榜)의 교육정책적 의의 / 이원재
A Study on the Aspects of the Educational Policy of Bangbang (放榜) during the Early Choson Dynasty / Won Jae Lee

한국교육, 제40권 제 1호, pp.5-23/ Journal of Korean Education, 40(1),5-23
Received 28 February 2013: Revised 3 April 2013: Accepted 10 April 2013


초록
 본 연구는 조선전기 방방(放榜)에 전제되어 있었던 교육정책적 의의를 밝히고자 하는 것이다. 방방은 과거 합격자 발표 의식으로서 유 가(遊街)나 은영연(恩榮宴) 등과 함께 합격자와 그 가족들로 하여금 영현(榮顯)의 체험을 하도록 하기 위한 목적을 갖고 거행되었 다. 이처럼 방방은 단순히 합격자 명단을 공지하는 것이 아니라 일련의 의식(儀式)을 통해 합격자와 가족들로 하여금 최대한으로 합격 의 영광을 향유케 함으로써 후생(後生)들의 향학심을 고무시키기 위한 의도가 깔려 있었다. 이런 이유 때문에 방방 의식은 소기의 효 과를 거둘 수 있도록 극적인 요소들이 유기적으로 구성되어 있었다. 국가의 경축 행사 때만 착용하는 조복(朝服)을 입고 국왕이 임석 하였으며, 특히 문무과의 경우는 종실과 모든 문과 백관이 시복(時服)이 아닌 조복을 착용하고 참석하였다. 이 의식에서는 엄숙한 일 련의 절차에 따라 합격증이 주어졌을 뿐만 아니라, 어사화, 주과(酒果), 햇빛가리개 등이 하사되었다. 이와 같은 성대한 절차로 인 해 당시에는 방방 의식에 참여하는 것을 일생의 영광으로 여겼다. 이로 인해 방방은 당시 학생들의 학업 의지를 고양시키는 계기 가 될 수 있었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 당시 위정자들이 궁극적으로 기대했던 향학심의 확대를 통한 후생들의 교화(敎化)는 대체로 학생 들이 학업을 과거합격을 위한 수단으로 여기는 부작용으로 인해 그 성공을 기대하기 어려웠다. 요컨대 조선전기 방방의 교육정책적 의의 는 권학책으로서는 일정 부분 성과가 있었다 하더라도 교화책으로는 한계가 있었다고 할 수 있다.

키워드
교육정책, 조선전기, 과거, 방방, 유가, 은영연, 권학책, 교화책


ABSTRACT
 This study was designed to examine the aspects of the educational policy of Bangbang, the announcement ceremony for those who passed the civil service examination in the early Choson Dynasty. The results are as follows: 
 1) Bangbang was held to honor the successful candidates, and the government held the ceremony to encourage the students to study Confucianism and the Confucian classics.
 2) The procedure of Bangbang was designed not only for the successful candidates, but also for their family members, to allow them to share in the honor. The king and all high-ranking officers were present at the ceremony wearing court dress, and the king bestowed examination certificates and imperial gifts, such as flowers, fruits, wines and sunshades, on the successful candidates.
 3) Bangbang being such an honorable ceremony to join, the students were inspired by their family to study hard Confucianism and the Confucian classics to pass the civil service examination.
 4) Nevertheless, the ultimate goal of Bangbang was only achieved in part as a tool to encourage education, since it has certain limitations as an educational ceremony.

KEYWORDS
educational policy, Bangbang, early Choson Dynasty, civil service examination, announcement ceremony



[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 1] 일반계 고등학교 선택의 결정변인 탐색:학교의 진로교육 요인을 중심으로


일반계 고등학교 선택의 결정변인 탐색:학교의 진로교육 요인을 중심으로 / 임현정
Factors in Choosing to Enter General High Schools / Hyunjung Im

한국교육, 제40권 제 1호, pp.25-48/ Journal of Korean Education, 40(1),25-48
Received 27 February 2013: Revised 5 April 2013: Accepted 16 April 2013


초록
 「한국교육종단연구2005」에 참여한 학생들의 고등학교 진학 데이터를 분석하여, 전문계 고등학교 대비 일반계 고등학교에 진학할 확 률에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변인들의 영향력을 분석해 봄으로써 계열 선택의 주된 요인이 어디에 있는가를 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 특 히, 선행연구를 통해 밝혀진 학생의 학업성취, 가정배경의 영향을 통제한 이후 학생의 진로활동의 영향을 살펴보고, 학교수준에서 학교 의 풍토와 진로지도 관련 변인이 유의한 영향을 미치는가를 파악하고자 하였다.
 분석 결과, 기존 선행연구와 같이 고등학 교 계열 선택에 학생의 가정환경, 부모의 지원과 같은 배경요인의 영향이 유의하였으나 학업성취도의 투입이 가정배경요인의 영향력을 감 소시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 학생, 학부모, 교사의 교육포부 및 교육기대 수준과 학생의 진로교육 만족도와 학교의 개별 상 담 정도, 진로프로그램 다양성도 유의하여 학교의 진로지도가 고교 계열 선택에 추가적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이 를 바탕으로 중학교 시기의 진로교육이 중요함을 논의하였다.

키워드
고등학교 진학, 고교 계열 선택, 진로교육


ABSTRACT
 This study analyzed the main factors involved in the process by which middle school students choose to enter general high schools rather than vocational high schools. In particular, the effects of students' career-related activities on high school choice were examined after controlling for students' academic achievements and family background variables. The results revealed that, while academic achievement had a noticeable effect on the choice of high schools, the magnitude of the effect varied somewhat when accounting for family background variables. Still, students' level of educational ambition and the educational expectations of parents and teachers has been discovered to lessen the influence of academic achievement. This result indicates that students' educational ambitions and the educational expectations of parents and teachers amplified the demand for post-secondary education, which made students choose to go to general high schools rather than vocational high schools. The effects of family background were significant after controlling for student's academic achievements, and the family environment and support from parents also affected the choice of high school, aside from the individual effort of each student. Particularly significant factors were students’ satisfaction with career education, the frequency of counseling, and the diversity of career education. Because choice of high school is the individual student's decision, it should depend primarily on the student's ability, and then on the family environment and parents' opinions. Results from this study indicate that the school's pressure to achieve and career guidance may be additional factors that play a role in the decision. This is why we have to pay more attention to career guidance in schools.

KEYWORDS
high school entrance, high school choice, career education



[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 1] 대학 모바일러닝에서 학습자의 지각된 유용성 및 학습만족도와 관련 요인들 간의 구조적 관계 분석


대학 모바일러닝에서 학습자의 지각된 유용성 및 학습만족도와 관련 요인들 간의 구조적 관계 분석 / 이종연, 김주리
Analysis on Structural Relationships Among Learners’ Perceived Usefulness, Learner Satisfaction and Related Factors in Mobile Learning in Universities / Jong-Yeon Lee, Juri Kim

한국교육, 제40권 제 1호, pp.49-79 / Journal of Korean Education, 40(1), 49-79
Received 27 February 2013: Revised 10 April 2013: Accepted 18 April 2013


초록
 본 연구는 대학 모바일러닝 환경에서 지각된 유용성 및 학습만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인들과 요인들 간의 관계를 규명하고자 실시되었 다. 우선 선행연구에 입각하여, 모바일러닝 품질요인(시스템 품질, 정보 품질, 서비스 품질), 지각된 유용성, 학습만족도를 내생변 인으로, 자기효능감을 외생변인으로 하는 구조방정식을 상정하였다. 연구 대상은 서울 소재 K대학에서 2012년 1학기에 개설된 모바 일러닝 강좌를 수강한 학생 900명이었다. 한 학기 수업을 마친 후 수집한 설문 데이터를 분석한 결과, 모바일러닝에 대한 자기효능 감이 모바일러닝 품질 하위 요인인 시스템 품질, 정보 품질, 서비스 품질에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 품질요인의 매 개 없이도 지각된 유용성 및 학습만족도에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 시스템 품질, 정보 품질은 지각된 유용성과 학습 만족도에 각각 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나, 서비스 품질은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 자기효능감은 시스 템 품질과 정보 품질을 매개로 지각된 유용성 및 학습만족도에 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 대학 모바일러 닝에서 학생들이 지각하는 유용성과 학습만족도를 향상시키기 위해서, 모바일러닝에 대한 자기효능감 증진과 시스템 및 정보품질 향상 에 주력해야 함을 시사한다.

키워드
대학 모바일러닝, 지각된 유용성, 학습만족도, 시스템 품질, 정보 품질, 서비스 품질, 자기효능감


ABSTRACT
 This study was designed to identify factors affecting perceived usefulness and learner satisfaction and to examine their relationships in mobile learning geared to e-learning in universities. Based on previous studies, this study set up a structural model that included mobile learning quality factors (system quality, information quality and service quality), students’ perceived usefulness, and learner satisfaction as endogenous variables, and students’ self-efficacy in mobile learning as an exogenous variable. The subjects were 900 students who registered in the first semester of 2012 for mobile learning courses offered by a private university located in Seoul. The results indicated that the students’ self-efficacy in mobile learning affected system quality, information quality and service quality, which were the factors subordinate to mobile learning quality. In addition, the results also proved that students’ self-efficacy directly affected the perceived usefulness and learner satisfaction, without using quality factors as parameters. Moreover, system quality and information quality were shown to affect perceived usefulness and learner satisfaction, but service quality affected neither perceived usefulness nor learner satisfaction. The students’ self-efficacy in mobile learning was found to indirectly affect both perceived usefulness and learner satisfaction when system quality and information quality were used as parameters. Finally, this study addresses the importance of enhancing the level of students' self-efficacy, system quality and information quality to improve their perceived usefulness and learner satisfaction toward mobile learning in universities.

KEYWORDS
mobile learning in universities, self-efficacy, system quality, information quality, service quality, perceived usefulness, learner satisfaction



[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 1] 교육기부 활동을 통한 대학생의 다문화시민성 함양 과정에 관한 연구


교육기부 활동을 통한 대학생의 다문화시민성 함양 과정에 관한 연구 / 김영순, 정소민
A Study on the Development of University Students’ Multicultural Citizenship through the Activity of ‘Donation for Education’ / Youngsoon Kim, Somin Chung

한국교육, 제39권 제 4호, pp.83-104 / Journal of Korean Education, 39(4),83-104
Received 31 October 2012: Revised 9 December 2012: Accepted 13 December 2012


초록
 이 연구는 대학생들의 삶의 단면인 봉사활동 경험을 통해 비판적 다문화주의 관점에서 다문화시민성 함양 과정을 고찰하고 그에 대한 교 육적 해석을 시도한다. 특히, 시민은 태어나는 것이 아니라 ‘되어간다(becoming)’는 전제를 가지고 대학생들이 다문화사회에 서 이상적인 시민으로 성장하는 과정은 어떠한가를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2012년부터 교육과학기술부・한국과학창의재단에서 주 관하는 ‘대학생 교육기부’ 활동에 참여한 대학생 12명을 대상으로 심층 면담을 실시하고 이를 현상학적으로 분석하였다.
 연구 결과, 1) 임파워먼트를 경험함, 2) 자신을 되돌아보고 성장함, 3) 협동을 경험함, 4) 자신이 가진 편견을 깨달 음, 5) 교육현실을 비판적으로 생각하고 “꿈”을 이야기함 등의 경험 유형을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 연구자는 대학생들 이 교육기부 활동을 통해 다문화역량을 함양하고, 시민으로서 필수적인 임파워먼트를 경험하였으며, 비판적 사고력을 함양하였다고 보았 다. 그러나 다문화역량을 충분히 함양하지 않았다는 점, 비판적 사고를 통해 거시적인 구조를 직시하지 못했다는 점, 개인적인 혹 은 대인관계 수준의 임파워먼트에 그쳐서 사회변화를 위한 행위로 이어지지 않았다는 점에서 교육기부 활동 경험이 다문화 시민이 되기 에 충분하지 않다고 해석하였다. 앞으로 우리 사회는 다문화사회의 주역이 될 대학생들이 다문화 시민으로 성장하도록 제도적 뒷받침 이 필요하며, 정부나 대학 모두 이들을 위해 지원을 아끼지 말아야할 것이다. 

키워드
문화시민성, 봉사활동, 교육기부, 대학생, 다문화 시민, 비판적 다문화주의


ABSTRACT
 From the perspective of critical multiculturalism, the purpose of this study is to explore how university students develop multicultural citizenship through volunteering activities, with the assumption that one is not born a citizen, one becomes a citizen. The authors conducted interviews with 12 university students who participated in the activity of “Donation for Education” (a national volunteer program for education) and then conducted a phenomenological analysis on the data. Five themes emerged from this analysis: 1) experiencing empowerment, 2) being self-reflexive and maturing, 3) cooperating with team members, 4) recognizing one's prejudices, and 5) thinking critically about educational situations and talking to students about dreams.
 This study indicates that university students have experienced empowerment and developed multicultural capacities and critical-thinking skills through the activity of Donation for Education. However, their experiences in the activity of Donation for Education is insufficient for becoming an ideal multicultural citizen in three aspects: insufficient multicultural capacity, critical thinking without a lens for macro structures, and being limited to a personal or interpersonal level of empowerment and lacking action for social change.
 Finally, this study suggests that institutional and educational support is needed to help university students become multicultural citizens.

KEYWORDS
multicultural citizenship, volunteering, Donation for Education, university students, multicultural citizens, critical multiculturalism



[한국교육웹진 2013 / Vol. 40, No. 1] 디지털교과서 도입에 대한 교사 수요 조사


디지털교과서 도입에 대한 교사 수요 조사 / 홍후조, 민부자, 김대석, 신원석, 이민정
Teacher Survey on the Adoption of Digital Textbooks / Hoo Jo Hong, Bu Ja Min, Dae Sok Kim, Won Sug Shin, Min Jung Lee

한국교육, 제40권 제 1호, pp.109-130/ Journal of Korean Education, 40(1),109-130
Received 25 February 2013: Revised 4 April 2013: Accepted 16 April 2013


초록
 2011년 국가정보화전략위원회와 교육과학기술부에서는 ‘스마트교육 추진 전략’에 따라 2015년부터 학교 현장에 본격적으로 디지털교 과서를 개발․적용하기 위한 연차별 추진 계획을 발표하였다. 그러나 전인 육성과 공동체의 사회적 자본 형성을 목적으로 하는 초중등교 육의 모든 학교급, 모든 교과목에서 단기간에 디지털교과서가 적용되는 것은 교육철학, 학습자 발달, 교육재정, 교육효과 등을 고려 할 때 문제의 소지가 있다.
 이에 본 연구에서는 전국의 초․중등교사를 대상으로 디지털교과서 도입에 대한 설문조사를 실 시, 약 27,000여 명의 의견을 종합하였다. 그 결과 학년군별로는 특성화고나 특목고, 일반고, 중학교, 초등 고학년, 초등 중 학년, 초등 저학년 순으로 교과서의 디지털화가 필요하다고 응답하였으며, 교과별로는 영어, 사회, 과학 교과서의 디지털화는 적극 찬 성하는 반면 국어, 도덕, 수학, 체육 교과서의 디지털화에는 반대하는 편이었다.
 요컨대, 교과서의 다양화 측면에서 디지털교과서가 요구되지만 학교급별, 교과목별 순차적인 도입이 효과적임을 제안할 수 있다. 

키워드
디지털교과서 도입, 디지털교과서 적용, 교사 수요 조사


ABSTRACT
 The Presidential Council on National ICT Strategies and the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology announced the “Smart Education Propulsion Strategy” in 2011. The “Smart Education Propulsion Strategy” contained an annual propulsion plan for the invention and adoption of digital textbooks in the classroom starting in 2015. However, it is undesirable to adopt digital textbooks in every primary, secondary, high school when considering educational philosophy, learner development, school finances, and textbook effectiveness, since the goal of education is to nurture well-rounded people and form social capital.
 A survey on the adoption of digital textbooks was implemented and 27,000 primary, secondary, and high school teachers responded; the results indicated that special-purpose and vocational high school teachers were most in favor of adopting digital textbooks, followed by general high school, middle school, upper-grade and lower-grade elementary school teachers. By subject, teachers supported adopting digital textbooks for English, social studies, and science; however, teachers opposed adopting digital textbooks for Korean, ethics, mathematics, and physical education.
 In summary, adopting digital textbooks is required to develop the vector of civilization and the diversification of textbooks. However, the procedure should take into consideration different grade levels and subjects.

KEYWORDS
adoption of digital textbooks, application of digital textbooks, teacher survey



[한국교육웹진 2012 / Vol. 39, No. 4] 가족내부 인적・사회적 자본과 청소년 시민교육의 성과: 선형관계 및 조절효과의 분석


가족내부 인적・사회적 자본과 청소년 시민교육의 성과: 선형관계 및 조절효과의 분석 / 김준홍
Human and social capital in family and civic educational performance of adolescents: analyzing linear relationships and moderating effects / Jun-Hong Kim

한국교육, 제39권 제 4호, pp.5-24/ Journal of Korean Education, 39(4),5-24
Received 25 October 2012: Revised 14 December 2012: Accepted 20 December 2012


초록
 본 연구는 우리나라 청소년을 대상으로 가족내부의 인적 자본과 사회적 자본이 가족외부의 사회적 자본의 근간이자 시민교육성과인 신뢰자 본에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 그리고 가족내부 인적 자본의 신뢰자본 증진에 대한 가족내부 사회적 자본의 조절효과를 검증하였 다. 분석대상은 ICCS(International Civic and Citizenship Education Study) 2009 년 한국 중학교 2학년의 자료였으며, 다중선형회귀분석 모형과 조절효과 분석 모형을 검증하였다. 가족내부의 인적 자본보다 사회적 자 본의 청소년의 제도신뢰와 대인신뢰에 미치는 영향이 우세하였고, 대체로 이는 제도신뢰를 설명하는 경우 더욱 확연하게 나타났다. 가족 내부 사회적 자본으로서의 부모와 자녀 간 국제이슈 대화가 빈번할수록 가족내부 인적 자본이 대인신뢰에 미치는 효과를 감소시키는 경향 이 나타났으며, 이는 전체집단과 남학생 집단에서 나타났다. 이는 가족내부 인적 자본의 축적이 미비한 상황에서는 시민교육의 성과 를 위해 가족내부 사회적 자본의 역할이 더욱 중요해진다는 함의를 가지고 있다. 이와 관련하여 우리나라 청소년의 시민교육을 위한 제 언을 하였다.

키워드
가족, 사회적 자본, 조절효과, 시민교육


ABSTRACT
 The study tests the relationships of human and social capital in family and social capital beyond family, such as adolescents' institutional and interpersonal trust, and the moderating effects of social capital within the family in the Korean context. Utilizing data (N=5,254) from the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (2009), the study conducts moderated multiple regression analyses to test the association between human and social capital in family and adolescents' institutional and interpersonal trust, and to verify the moderating role of social capital in the family. Adolescents' social capital in the family overall has a statistically significant association with both the institutional and interpersonal trust of middle school students. Students' social capital in the family is found to be a moderator of the relationship between family human capital and interpersonal trust. Based on these findings, the study makes gender-sensitive recommendations for civic education.

KEYWORDS
family, social capital, moderating effect, civic education



[한국교육웹진 2012 / Vol. 39, No. 4] 획일화 현상에서 동형화 현상으로 재구조화된 한국 대학 교양교육과정의 변화


획일화 현상에서 동형화 현상으로 재구조화된 한국 대학 교양교육과정의 변화 / 부향숙 
Reinterpreting the curricular standardization phenomenon in Korean universities / Hyang Suk Bu

한국교육, 제39권 제 4호, pp.35-60/ Journal of Korean Education, 39(4),35-60
Received 23 October 2012: Revised 13 December 2012: Accepted 20 December 2012


초록
 본 연구는 1998년 대학 자율화정책 이후 다양화의 방향으로 운영되고 있는 대학 교육과정 역시 다양화된 획일성을 보여준다는 주장 에 근거해서, 이런 현상이 과거처럼 국가의 통제에 의해 나타나는 획일성과는 다른 세계사회의 영향력 하에 이루어진 동형화 현상으 로 해석하고, 실제 동형화 되어 있는지를 검토하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 우선 동형화가 구성되는 방식을 강압적, 규범 적 및 모방적 통로로 이루어진다는 Powell & DiMaggio의 가정을 토대로 실제 대학 교양교육과정이 재구조화되는 과 정에 이 세 통로로 이루어지는 세계사회의 영향력을 살펴보았다. 다음으로 이미 자율화정책이 실시된 직후인 2000년대 초기 100 개 대학 교양교육과정의 구조와 내용을 조사하고, 재차 세 대학을 전체적으로 심층 검토하였다. 검토한 결과 대학 교양교육과정은 세계 사회와 연관 속에서 구조화된 틀로 개발되고 있었다. 또한 실제 대학의 교양교육의 구조와 내용은 대학이 지닌 조건에 따라 부분적 인 차이는 있지만 동형화의 경향성을 보여주고 있었다. 이 연구의 의의는 대학 교양교육의 특성화는 세계사회의 관계 속에서 이루어 진 틀을 토대로 개별대학의 설립이념 및 제반 환경적 조건을 고려할 때 이루어질 수 있다는 시각을 제시하는 데 있다.

키워드
획일화 현상, 동형화 현상, 세계사회의 영향력, 강압적, 규범적, 모방적 통로


ABSTRACT
 The purpose of the research is to reinterpret the standardization phenomenon in Korean university curricula that have been adopted during the expansion of higher education institutions in Korea since the 1970s. For this purpose, the standardization mechanism is examined to find the global influence on developing new governmental curricular policy and a new liberal-arts curriculum in 2000s. Then, the result of the study identifies the standardization phenomenon in liberal-arts curricula of Korean universities in the 2000s, citing the following two reasons for its presence. First, most Korean universities in the 2000s have adopted the same method of organizing subjects but have actually administrated this method differently according to the conditions of their founding years and the university size. Second, most Korean universities in the 2000s have selected the same kind of courses but administrated these differently according to conditions of the social recognition and the year of foundation. In conclusion, this research demonstrates significant findings as to why there is a standardization phenomenon in Korean universities, in spite of their intentions to the ‘diversify' and ‘specialize' their curricula.

KEYWORDS
standardization phenomenon, global influence on curriculum mimetic choice, method of organizing courses, liberal-arts curricula of Korean universities




[한국교육웹진 2012 / Vol. 39, No. 4] 학교폭력 관련 정책의 흐름 분석: Kingdon의 정책흐름모형을 중심으로


학교폭력 관련 정책의 흐름 분석: Kingdon의 정책흐름모형을 중심으로 / 이희숙, 정제영
An Analysis of School Violence Prevention PolicyBased on Kingdon’s Policy Stream Model / Heesook Lee, Jae Young Chung

한국교육, 제39권 제 4호, pp.61-82 / Journal of Korean Education, 39(4),61-82
Received 24 October 2012: Revised 14 December 2012: Accepted 14 December 2012


초록
 이 연구는 학교폭력과 관련하여 사건이 발생하면 정부 주도의 정책적 대응이 이루어지지만 일정한 시간이 흐르면 정책의제에서 사라지 는 현상이 반복되는 문제에 대해 분석하였다. Kingdon의 ‘정책흐름모형’의 주요 내용은 정책문제의 흐름, 정치의 흐름, 정책대 안의 흐름 등 세 가지 흐름이 특정한 순간에 결합되어 정책의 창이 열리고, 이때 정책활동가들이 정책결정 과정에서 중요한 역할을 수 행하게 된다는 것이다. 2012년의 학교폭력 정책은 학생들의 잇따른 자살로 인해 ‘문제의 창’이 열렸고, 총선과 대선 등 커다 란 정치적 변동으로 인해 ‘정치의 창’이 열리면서 ‘정책의 창’이 열리게 된 것으로 분석되었다.
  정책흐름모형을 활용한 분 석 결과 다음과 같은 4가지 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 교육당국을 중심으로 학교폭력과 관련한 정책의 흐름을 능동적으로 관 리해야 한다. 둘째, 정책의 창이 열린 상황에서 올바른 정책을 결정하기 위해서는 정책활동가의 역할이 매우 중요하고, 이를 위한 정 부의 적극적인 지원이 필요하다. 셋째, 학교폭력과 관련한 정책의 창이 다시 열리는 시기에 대비하여 추진하고 있는 정책에 대한 개선 방안을 마련해야 한다. 넷째, 정책의 창이 열리는 시기에 학교폭력과 관련하여 단위학교와 교사의 권한과 책임을 명확하게 규정하여 평 화롭고 안전한 학교를 만들기 위한 학교수준의 자율적 선순환 구조를 확립해야 한다.

키워드
학교폭력, Kingdon의 정책흐름모형, 정책흐름의 결합, 정책의 창, 정책활동가


ABSTRACT
 This study analyzes the recurring phenomenon of a government policy response to school violence when that violence occurs, followed by the disappearance of the issue of school violence from the policy agenda after a certain amount of time, based on Kingdon’s Policy Stream Model. The framework of Kingdon’s model is that the policy window opens when it comes to the coupling of the problem stream, the political stream, and the policy stream at a certain moment and, at this moment, policy entrepreneurs play important roles in the process of policy making. As for the 2012 school violence policy, a problem window has been opened by serious incidents of school violence that occurred beginning in late 2011. A political window has also opened because of political issues such as the parliamentary and presidential elections of 2012. Finally, the policy window has also opened. In terms of the coupling of streams, policy entrepreneur roles such as the president, government officials, journalists, and private agencies and professionals are effective.
  Based on the analysis, this study suggests the followings: The government needs to manage policy streams associated with school violence effectively, to support the roles of policy entrepreneurs positively in order to make the right policy decisions when the policy window is open, to improve school violence prevention policy as a precaution against the policy window for school violence opening again, and to assist school-based autonomous efforts to make schools safe while a policy window is open by redefining schools’ and teachers’ authorities and responsibilities.

KEYWORDS
School Violence, Kingdon's Policy Stream Model, Coupling of Policy Streams, Policy Window, Policy Entrepreneurs